Rivet.



G, A, eoss. RIVET. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1910.

968,551 Patefited Aug. 30, 1910.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. GOSS, OF WATEBBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASS IGNOR TO SCOYILL-MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, OF WATERBUIBY, CONNECTICUT, A COR]?OIEtATllION OF CON- RIVET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed March 14', 1910. Serial No. 549,113.

act description.

Tires for use on the wheels of automobiles and other vehicles, have been provlded Wltll devices to prevent skiddin and among such devices are rivets or 'stu s applied to the tread of the tires. Such rivets areof hardened metal, and a common practice is to make the rivets of steel and case-harden them. But this is not satisfactory, because the case-hardening strikes in only a little way, and is merely a film which soon wears off and thus exposes the soft part of the rivet to wear, and such wear is quite rapid. If"

' the proper grade of steel were used, and the rivets were hardened all the way through, they would wear longer, but riveting them is not always satisfactory, because it is difficult to head the hard metal of the rivet over a washer, in view of the brittleness .of the metal. And this same heading difficulty occurs to some extent with the case-hardened rivets.

To avoid the objections stated, and at the same time to obtain an eflicient rivet that will stand the wear, and may be secured to the tire easily andwithout danger of breaking or splitting, the object of this invention.

,In carrying out the invention, the rivet is.

, adapted to receive a fastening device which is forced down over the shank and against the washer in such way-as to firmly connect the washer and shank and thus secure the rivet in place.

. 7 An incidental advantage of thisconstruction is that the inside of the tire is left com paratively smooth and free from any sharp .or other surfaces thatwould injure the inpart arranged within fiation tube or other the outside tire. p

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention, in the several figures of Patented Aug. 30, 1910.-

which like parts are similarly designated, it

tial section showing a. modification. Fig. 6.

is a plan view of a closed ring, and Fig. 0. plan .view of an open ring that may be employed 1n the arrangement shown in Fig. 5. 4

he rivet comprises a head 1, and a shank 2, preferably made of tool-steel or nickelsteel, and if desired or necessary, hardened in any suitable manner, so as to get the best possible wearing effect. The .end of the shank is provided with a shoulder 3, and above this shoulder is an undercut recess or groove 4, leaving an overhan in tip 5.

The rivet is passed throng t e tire or other article to which it is to be applied,.as in Fig. 4, and then a washer 6 is placed upon the end of the shank so as to rest upon the shoulder -3. The hole in this washer is preferably countersunk at 7 on'the outside. A cu pe shell 8 of brass, or other suitable meta is then placed over thetip 5 and by means of a suitable tool it is crowded down against the washer, the countersunk portion of whichcloses in the edges of the shell into the undercut recess,- firmly connecting the shell with the tip of the shank, and producing an end on the tip larger than the hole. in the washer, and firmly connecting the washer with the shank of the rivet, and, consequently, firmly connecting the rivet and the article to which it is applied. Instead of usin a cupped shell, I may use aring 9, as s own in Fig. 5, andthis ring is crowded into the undercutu'ecess and countersunk hole of the washer and serves to connect the washer and rivet. This ring may be made of' sheet-metal orwi're, either closed as in Fig. 6, orfo enas in Fig. 7.

surface, as compared with the ordinary clenchin of. rivets heretofore commonly .practice and, moreover, there is absolutely no liability of the end of the shank of the rivet bemg broken or deformed. Further,

the shank of the rivet is not upset and the rivet not otherwise deformed in the act of setting it. The auxiliary attaching medium, whether'the shell or ring, takes the place of such upsetting or deformation, and securely fixes the rivet in place.

, What I claim 1s:--

1. A rivet, having a head and a shank, and a medium for attachin the rivet to an article, said attaching-me ium comprising a washer applied to the shank and a washerattaching auxiliary made separate from the washer and shank and immovably engaging the washer and the end of the shank on the outer side of the washer.

2. A rivet,-having ahead, a shank, a shoulder on said shank, and an undercut recess or groove next to the shoulder, cornhined with a washer, and means se arate from the washer and shank and a p led to the shank next to the rivet, and a apted to be forced in the undercut recess or groove.

3. A rivet, having a head, and .a shank, said shank adapted to receive a washer and said washer having a countersunk hole by which it is placed upon the shank, and a on ped shell adapted to be closed in over the and of the shank and against the washer and within the countersunk hole in said Washer.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of March A. D. 19ft).

G. F. Hormone, L. Bassn'r'r. 

